Blackheads are open pores that have become clogged with sebum and dead skin cells. Although it may appear that the colour of them is due to dirt, this is actually due to oxidation of the contents once it is exposed to air. Blackheads are most commonly found on the body where oil production is higher, such as the t-zone, back, and chest. The best method to address them is an intentional one, so if you want to tackle blackheads, then keep reading.

What causes blackheads

Overproduction of sebum (oil)
Dead skin buildup
Hormonal changes
Improper cleansing or heavy products
Makeup and sunscreen residue

Cleanse

Cleansing twice a day is a must if you are experiencing blackheads. This helps prevent the buildup of further causes of blackheads. It is important to ensure the skin receives a deep cleanse twice a day. The skin requires cleansing while preserving the natural oils. Therefore, it is essential to use gentle cleansers and resist the urge to use abrasive ones. This is because stripping the skin of its natural oils leads to increased oil production. This excess oil mixes with dead skin cells, resulting in further blackheads. If you’re looking to enhance your daily cleansing routine, using an oil-based cleanser followed by a water-based cleanser will help remove any daily residue.

Exfoliate

Use a gentle exfoliant to remove blackheads two to three times a week. Often, products can be confusing as they all display either, or sometimes both, alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs) and beta-hydroxy acids (BHAs). AHAs are water-soluble and work on the skin’s surface, while BHAs are oil-soluble and can penetrate deeper into pores. For blackheads, it is better to treat them with a BHA, such as Salicylic acid.

Treatments & Masks

Weekly blackhead treatments are important if you want to address and prevent buildup. It is important to tailor it to your needs, paying close consideration to the ingredients in your other skincare products. Clay masks absorb excess oil and reduce pore congestion, making them complementary to most skincare routines. Alternatively, AHA/BHA masks can also be helpful for chemical exfoliation however, monitor for any irritation if already using these in other skincare products, such as cleansers or toners. Using retinoids can increase cell turnover and can be introduced as a cream at the end of skincare routine. Retinoids should be introduced to the skin meaning, use should be less regular and increased over time to allow the skin to adapt to it and avoid irritation.

Weekly Treament

Clay masks (kaolin, bentonite) to draw out oil
Charcoal masks for deep cleansing
Retinoids (vitamin A derivatives) to regulate cell turnover

Prevention Tips

Prevention of future buildup will also support thee avoidance of blackheads. Therefore, maintaining a routine which addresses this and considers your liftstyle is important. Makeup is one of the biggest challenges as products can clog the pores. If you wear makeup everyday then this can be particularly challenging so ensuring you deeply cleanse your skin is vital. The most effective way to ensure this is a double cleanse, such as a balm or oil cleanser to help break down the makeup before following with foam cleaner. As previously mentioned, regular exfoliation will also assist in removal of impurities such as dead skin. Don’t forget to lock in any skincare products with a moisturiser adapted to the time of day and season.

Double cleansing (especially if you wear sunscreen or makeup)
Use non-comedogenic skincare and makeup
Regular exfoliation
Consistent skincare routine (don’t skip moisturiser, hydrated skin balances oil)

The skin can sometimes overproduce oil when it is dehydrated, so it is important that adequate skin hydration levels are maintained. I discussed this in a previous post, but drinking plenty of water can also support your level of oil production.

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